What is TFT LCD?
What is TFT LCD TV and LCD Monitor Panel?
Figure shows a TFTLCD monitor. The only difference is that, the TFT LCD has a sandwich-like structure with liquid crystal filled between two glass plates. From the figure, we can see the TFT glass. This TFT Glass has as many TFT’s as the number of pixels displayed. The Color Filter Glass has color filter which generates color.
The Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD’s) have the tendency to change the properties of light passing through the crystals, when they are stimulated by some external electrical charge. With this property, the Liquid crystals move according to the difference in voltage between the Color Filter Glass and the TFT Glass. The amount of light supplied by Back Light is determined by the amount of movement of the liquid crystals in such a way as to generate color.
The main components of the TFT panel are:
1. LCD Panel
The LCD panel has - TFT-Array Substrate and Color Filter Substrate
The TFT-array substrate contains the TFTs, storage capacitors, pixel electrodes, and interconnect wiring and the - The color filter substrate contains the black matrix and resin film containing three primary-color - red, green, and blue - dyes or pigments. The two glass substrates are assembled with a sealant, and the gap between them is maintained by spacers, and LC material is injected into the gap between the substrates. Two sheets of polarizer film are attached to the outer faces of the sandwich formed by the glass substrates. A set of bonding pads are fabricated on each end of the gate and data-signal bus-lines to attach LCD Driver IC (LDI) chips.
2. Driving Circuit Unit
The Driving Circuit Unit is the main part which makes the TFTLCD TV’s to operate. It has LCD Driver IC (LDI) Chips, - Multi-layer PCBs and the - Driving Circuits to run.
3. Backlight & Chassis Unit
This unit has the Backlight Unit and Chassis Assembly. The backlight is also the main cause for the clarity and resolution of picture.
Structure of a color TFT LCD Panel
A TFT LCD module consists of a TFT panel, driving-circuit unit, backlight system, and assembly unit.The main components of the TFT panel are:
1. LCD Panel
The LCD panel has - TFT-Array Substrate and Color Filter Substrate
The TFT-array substrate contains the TFTs, storage capacitors, pixel electrodes, and interconnect wiring and the - The color filter substrate contains the black matrix and resin film containing three primary-color - red, green, and blue - dyes or pigments. The two glass substrates are assembled with a sealant, and the gap between them is maintained by spacers, and LC material is injected into the gap between the substrates. Two sheets of polarizer film are attached to the outer faces of the sandwich formed by the glass substrates. A set of bonding pads are fabricated on each end of the gate and data-signal bus-lines to attach LCD Driver IC (LDI) chips.
2. Driving Circuit Unit
The Driving Circuit Unit is the main part which makes the TFTLCD TV’s to operate. It has LCD Driver IC (LDI) Chips, - Multi-layer PCBs and the - Driving Circuits to run.
3. Backlight & Chassis Unit
This unit has the Backlight Unit and Chassis Assembly. The backlight is also the main cause for the clarity and resolution of picture.
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